原標題：塵螨致過敏性鼻炎和哮喘皮下特異性免疫治療的真實證據(jù)
背景：本研究的目的是分析過敏原免疫療法（AIT）在治療塵螨（HDM）引起的過敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘的有效性。結(jié)果是使用哮喘發(fā)生率和相應(yīng)藥物的消耗量作為持續(xù)癥狀的指標來衡量的。
方法：在這項對德國縱向處方數(shù)據(jù)庫的回顧性隊列分析中，將在兩個不同的連續(xù)季節(jié)周期中至少接受過兩次塵螨AIT處方的患者與在連續(xù)的塵螨季節(jié)中接受至少三份有癥狀過敏性鼻炎（AR）處方的非AIT患者進行比較。研究結(jié)果包括AR進展、哮喘進展、哮喘發(fā)生率和治療依從性。我們使用多元回歸分析來估計AIT的效果，并調(diào)整相關(guān)變量。  
結(jié)果：這項研究包括2350名接受螨類過敏治療的患者和64740名對照患者。在長達6年的隨訪后，與對照組相比，使用螨類過敏原治療的患者需要的AR和哮喘處方明顯減少（59.7%比10.8%），哮喘發(fā)生的概率也顯著降低。第二年末，接受類過敏治療的患者的依從率為63.8%，第三年年底為38.6%。
結(jié)論：通過長達6年的隨訪，監(jiān)測到AR藥物和哮喘藥物的使用數(shù)量顯著減少，證實了塵螨過敏原皮下AIT治療對過敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘具有良好療效。


延伸閱讀
Allergy                                              
Real-world evidence of subcutaneous allergoid immunotherapy in house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis and asthma
DOI: 10.1111/all.14240 
Abstract:
Background: The objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) with an allergoid in the treatment of house dust mites (HDM)-induced allergic rhinitis and/or asthma based on recent real-life data. The outcomes were measured using asthma incidence and consumption of corresponding medications as the indicator of persisting symptoms.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort analysis of a German longitudinal prescription database, patients who received at least two relevant mite AIT prescriptions in two different successive seasonal cycles were compared with non-AIT patients who received at least three symptomatic allergic rhinitis (AR) prescriptions in successive mite seasons. Study endpoints included AR progression, asthma progression, asthma occurrence, and therapy adherence. We used multivariate regression analyses to estimate the effects of AIT, adjusting for relevant variables.
Results: This study included 2350 patients receiving a mite allergoid and 64 740 control patients. After up to 6 years of follow-up, patients treated with mite allergoid required significantly fewer AR and asthma prescriptions (59.7% vs 10.8%) than the control group, and the probability of asthma development was significantly lower. The adherence of patients receiving allergoid was 63.8% at the end of the second year and 38.6% at the end of the third year.
Conclusion: This real-world evidence confirms the good efficacy of subcutaneous AIT with HDM mite allergoid in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and/or asthma. Up to 6 years of follow-up revealed significant effects in allergic rhinitis by measuring the number of AR medications and demonstrating significant reductions in asthma medications.
First Author:
Marek Jute
Correspondence:
Marek Jutel, All-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroc?aw, Poland.
All Authors:
Marek Jutel, Bernd Brüggenjürgen, Hartmut Richter, Christian Vogelberg
　　創(chuàng)建過敏性疾病的科研、科普知識交流平臺，為過敏患者提供專業(yè)診斷、治療、預(yù)防的共享平臺。