原標(biāo)題：三個(gè)月大時(shí)養(yǎng)狗與防止食物過敏有關(guān)
　　背景：預(yù)防食物過敏是減輕過敏性疾病負(fù)擔(dān)的關(guān)鍵優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。環(huán)境暴露會(huì)調(diào)節(jié)食物過敏的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，其中一些可能是由嬰兒的微生物群所介導(dǎo)的。然而，潛在保護(hù)性環(huán)境暴露的作用，如養(yǎng)寵物，在食物過敏方面基本上沒有研究。 
　　方法：我們?cè)凇霸儐柲褪苄浴保‥AT）研究中進(jìn)行了第二次隊(duì)列分析，該研究將1303名三個(gè)月大的嬰兒納入一項(xiàng)預(yù)防食物過敏的隨機(jī)試驗(yàn)。一項(xiàng)關(guān)于寵物飼養(yǎng)的調(diào)查，參與者在入組時(shí)接受了過敏性皮炎（AD）的檢查。在3、12、36個(gè)月時(shí)，通過皮膚和血清檢測(cè)引起過敏的食物和空氣過敏原。食物過敏狀態(tài)是由1~3年雙盲安慰劑食物激發(fā)試驗(yàn)來確定的。 
　　結(jié)果：6.1%（68/1124）的參與者診斷出食物過敏。食物過敏與早期剖腹產(chǎn)、感染或抗生素使用之間沒有明顯關(guān)系。使用家族性過敏性疾病、狗/貓致敏和AD的數(shù)據(jù)校正后，與狗一起生活的嬰兒發(fā)生食物過敏的幾率降低90%（調(diào)整校正后的比值比（aOR）0.10（置信區(qū)間（CI）0.01‐0.71），P=0.02）。至少有兩只狗的49名嬰兒中，沒有一個(gè)嬰兒出現(xiàn)食物過敏，這表明它們之間存在劑量-反應(yīng)關(guān)系（每只狗的aOR為0.12（CI為0.02‐0.81），P=0.03）。養(yǎng)狗或養(yǎng)貓與AD的發(fā)生沒有關(guān)系。 
　　結(jié)論：在嬰兒期養(yǎng)狗可以防止食物過敏。


延伸閱讀
Allergy
Dog ownership at three months of age is associated with protection against food allergy
DOI: 10.1111/all.13868 
Abstract:
Background: The prevention of food allergy is a key priority for reducing the burden of allergic disease. Environmental exposures modulate the risk of developing food allergy and some of this may be mediated by the infants’ developing microbiome. However, the role of potentially protective environmental exposures, such as pet ownership, is largely uninvestigated with respect to food allergy. 
Methods: We performed a secondary cohort analysis in the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study, which enrolled 1303 three‐month infants onto a randomized trial to prevent food allergy. A survey elicited domestic animal ownership and participants were examined for atopic dermatitis (AD) at enrolment. Sensitization to foods and aeroallergens were elicited by skin and serum testing at 3, 12 and 36 months. Food allergy status was determined by double‐blind placebo‐controlled food challenges between 1 and 3 years. 
Results: Food allergy was diagnosed amongst 6.1% (68/1124) of participants with complete data. No significant relationships were demonstrated between food allergy and caesarean delivery, infections or antibiotic exposure in early life. After adjusting for familial atopic disease, maternal dog/cat sensitization and participant AD, living with dogs was associated with a 90% reduction in the odds of infants developing food allergy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.10 (confidence interval (CI) 0.01‐0.71), P = 0.02). None of the 49 infants living with at least two dogs developed food allergy, suggesting a dose‐response relationship (each dog owned aOR 0.12 (CI 0.02‐0.81) P = 0.03). No relationship was demonstrated between owning dogs or cats and the development of AD. 
Conclusion: Dog ownership in infancy may prevent food allergy. 
First Author:
Tom Marrs 
Correspondence:
Tom Marrs, Paediatric Allergy Department, Women and Children’s Health, King’s College London, London, UK 
All Authors:
Tom Marrs，Kirsty Logan，Joanna Craven，Suzana Radulovic，W.H.A. Irwin McLean，Gideon Lack，Carsten Flohr，Michael R. Perkin
　　創(chuàng)建過敏性疾病的科研、科普知識(shí)交流平臺(tái)，為過敏患者提供專業(yè)診斷、治療、預(yù)防的共享平臺(tái)。