原標(biāo)題：通過(guò)種族血統(tǒng)的遺傳分析來(lái)解析特應(yīng)性疾病的病因
　　過(guò)敏性皮炎(AD)、食物過(guò)敏、過(guò)敏性鼻炎和哮喘是常見(jiàn)的過(guò)敏性疾病，病因復(fù)雜。從AD早期到哮喘、變應(yīng)性鼻炎，或在以后的生活中，以及廣泛的特應(yīng)性疾病的并發(fā)癥中，經(jīng)常觀察到特應(yīng)性疾病的進(jìn)行性進(jìn)展，提示不同疾病除了存在不同的發(fā)病機(jī)制外，還有共同的病因病機(jī)。事實(shí)上，特應(yīng)性疾病中存在疾病特異性基因組區(qū)域和共享的基因組區(qū)域。它們的患病率也因種族而異；例如，與歐洲裔美國(guó)人相比，AD和哮喘在非洲裔美國(guó)人中更普遍。還不知道這種差異是源于真正的遺傳因素還是種族特有的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素，還是兩者。迄今為止，大多數(shù)關(guān)于特應(yīng)性疾病的遺傳學(xué)研究都使用了歐洲血統(tǒng)的人群，這使得研究結(jié)果缺乏普遍性。目前正在使用大規(guī)模隊(duì)列計(jì)劃和新的分析方法，如混合設(shè)計(jì)，來(lái)解決這一研究的不足。在這里，我們?cè)诜N族性變異和基于高通量“組學(xué)”的系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)方法的背景下，討論獨(dú)特和共同的遺傳風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素，為解析他們的遺傳和非遺傳病因提供更深刻的見(jiàn)解。未來(lái)的研究還將側(cè)重于不同種族血統(tǒng)、基因環(huán)境和基因-基因相互作用的深度表型分型和基因分型。
延伸閱讀
JACI
Resolving the etiology of atopic disorders by using genetic analysis of racial ancestry
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.045
Atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and asthma are common atopic disorders of complex etiology. The frequently observed atopic march from early AD to asthma, allergic rhinitis, or both later in life and the extensive comorbidity of atopic disorders suggest common causal mechanisms in addition to distinct ones. Indeed, both disease-specific and shared genomic regions exist for atopic disorders. Their prevalence also varies among races; for example, AD and asthma have a higher prevalence in African Americans when compared with European Americans. Whether this disparity stems from true genetic or race-specific environmental risk factors or both is unknown. Thus far, the majority of the genetic studies on atopic diseases have used populations of European ancestry, limiting their generalizability. Large-cohort initiatives and new analytic methods, such as admixture mapping, are currently being used to address this knowledge gap. Here we discuss the unique and shared genetic risk factors for atopic disorders in the context of ancestry variations and the promise of high-throughput “-omics”–based systems biology approach in providing greater insight to deconstruct their genetic and nongenetic etiologies. Future research will also focus on deep phenotyping and genotyping of diverse racial ancestry, gene-environment, and gene-gene interactions.
All Author:
Jayanta Gupta Elisabet Johansson Jonathan A. Bernstein Ranajit Chakraborty Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey Marc E. Rothenberg Tesfaye B. Mersha
· Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore
　　創(chuàng)建過(guò)敏性疾病的科研、科普知識(shí)交流平臺(tái)，為過(guò)敏患者提供專業(yè)診斷、治療、預(yù)防的共享平臺(tái)。