原標(biāo)題：出生18個(gè)月鼻腔微生物群的建立：與鼻炎和哮喘的關(guān)系
　　早期鼻腔微生物群的動(dòng)態(tài)影響局部粘膜的免疫應(yīng)答和兒童呼吸道疾病的易感性。本病例對(duì)照研究的目的是監(jiān)測(cè)、評(píng)估和比較鼻炎和喘息嬰兒與健康對(duì)照組嬰兒在出生后18個(gè)月的鼻微生物群的構(gòu)成情況。在新加坡成長(zhǎng)的122名研究對(duì)象中，在出生后的18個(gè)月里，縱向收集了超過7個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)的前鼻拭子。采用16S rRNA雙端測(cè)序法對(duì)3個(gè)臨床組的鼻微生物群特征進(jìn)行分析:(1)僅鼻炎患者28例，(2)伴有喘息的鼻炎患者34例，(3)健康對(duì)照組60例與對(duì)照組相比，兩組嬰兒鼻部微生物組的成熟模式均有明顯差異。對(duì)照組嬰兒在18個(gè)月的生命周期內(nèi)細(xì)菌多樣性增加，而鼻炎患兒的細(xì)菌多樣性呈下降趨勢(shì)(P < .05)。草酸桿菌科(proteobacteraceae門)和航空球菌科(Aerococcaceae門)的豐度的增加與鼻炎和伴隨喘息有關(guān)(校正P < 0.01)，而棒狀桿菌科(Actinobacteria門)和葡萄球菌科(Firmicutes門)的早期定殖（3周至9個(gè)月）與對(duì)照組相關(guān)(調(diào)整后P < .05)。鼻炎組與對(duì)照組的唯一差異是棒狀桿菌科的豐度降低(調(diào)整后P < .05)。鼻微生物群落演替的決定因素包括性別、分娩方式、兄弟姐妹的出現(xiàn)以及嬰兒的護(hù)理情況。我們的研究結(jié)果支持了鼻部微生物組與嬰兒早期鼻炎和喘息發(fā)展有關(guān)的假設(shè)。
　　延伸閱讀
JACI   
Establishment of the nasal microbiota in the first 18 months of life: Correlation with early-onset rhinitis and wheezing
DOI: 10.1016/j jaci.2018.01.032
Abstract:
Background
Dynamic establishment of the nasal microbiota in early life influences local mucosal immune responses and susceptibility to childhood respiratory disorders.
Objective
The aim of this case-control study was to monitor, evaluate, and compare development of the nasal microbiota of infants with rhinitis and wheeze in the first 18 months of life with those of healthy control subjects.
Methods
Anterior nasal swabs of 122 subjects belonging to the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) birth cohort were collected longitudinally over 7 time points in the first 18 months of life. Nasal microbiota signatures were analyzed by using 16S rRNA multiplexed pair-end sequencing from 3 clinical groups: (1) patients with rhinitis alone (n = 28), (2) patients with rhinitis with concomitant wheeze (n = 34), and (3) healthy control subjects (n = 60).
Results
Maturation of the nasal microbiome followed distinctive patterns in infants from both rhinitis groups compared with control subjects. Bacterial diversity increased over the period of 18 months of life in control infants, whereas infants with rhinitis showed a decreasing trend (P < .05). An increase in abundance of the Oxalobacteraceae family (Proteobacteria phylum) and Aerococcaceae family (Firmicutes phylum) was associated with rhinitis and concomitant wheeze (adjusted P < .01), whereas the Corynebacteriaceae family (Actinobacteria phylum) and early colonization with the Staphylococcaceae family (Firmicutes phylum; 3 weeks until 9 months) were associated with control subjects (adjusted P < .05). The only difference between the rhinitis and control groups was a reduced abundance of the Corynebacteriaceae family (adjusted P < .05). Determinants of nasal microbiota succession included sex, mode of delivery, presence of siblings, and infant care attendance.
Conclusion
Our results support the hypothesis that the nasal microbiome is involved in development of early-onset rhinitis and wheeze in infants.
First Author:
Le Duc Huy Tax
Correspondence:
Bee Wah Lee
　　創(chuàng)建過敏性疾病的科研、科普知識(shí)交流平臺(tái)，為過敏患者提供專業(yè)診斷、治療、預(yù)防的共享平臺(tái)。